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Primary Emulsifier
The primary emulsifier is typically a fatty acid or a modified fatty acid with a lower Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) value. It is designed to reduce the interfacial tension between liquid phases, making the internal phase dispersible. A primary emulsifier is a liquid blend, often consisting of polyaminated fatty acids, used to emulsify water into oil in oil-based or diesel-based drilling fluids. It offers excellent emulsion stability and serves as a wetting agent, gelling agent, and fluid stabilizer, particularly in mineral oil bases. Additionally, it is effective for filtration control and temperature stability.
Synthesis and Composition
The primary emulsifier can be synthesized from the reaction of fatty acid and maleic anhydride. The resulting product contains hydrophilic carboxylic acid groups and hydrophobic long-chain fatty acids. When these groups react with calcium oxide (CaO) in oil-based mud (OBM), they form bivalent soap salts that enhance emulsion stability through the directional wedge theory.
Application of Primary Emulsifier
- Emulsion Stability : Provides excellent and stable emulsion and oil-wetting properties.
- Temperature Stability : Contributes to temperature stability and High Temperature High Pressure (HTHP) filtration control.
- Wide Temperature Range : Effective over a broad range of temperatures and in the presence of contaminants.
- Viscosity and Filtration Control : Offers control over viscosity and filtration, ensuring optimal performance in drilling operations.
Advantages
- Multipurpose Use : Suitable for a wide variety of oil mud systems.
- Improved Emulsion Stability : Enhances emulsion stability and functions as a secondary wetting agent.
- Viscosity and Filtration Control : Provides control over viscosity and filtration rates
- Thermal Stability : Improves thermal stability, essential for high-temperature drilling environments.
- Electrolyte Resistance : Resists electrolyte contamination, ensuring consistent performance.
- Direct Addition : Can be added directly to the drilling fluid system.
- High Temperature Stability : Imparts stability to oil-based fluids, making it ideal for challenging drilling conditions.
PRIMARY EMULSIFIER TYPICAL PROPERTIES
| Appearance | Dark Brown Liquid |
| Viscosity (cps) | 100 Minimum |
| Density | 0.85 – 1.00 g/cm3 |
PRIMARY EMULSIFIER PACKAGING
Primary Emulsifier is packed in 55Gal/208 Ltr Ms drums. Private Labeling and customized packaging is also available on request.
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